Design+Encyclopedia
From Design+Encyclopedia, the free encyclopedia on good design, art, architecture, creativity, engineering and innovation.
Discover and learn more about the Design of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Design Team of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design Team of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Designer of the Day, or Explore and see all past Designer of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Design Legend of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design Legend of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Design Interview of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design Interview of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Highlight of the Day, or Explore and see all past Highlight of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Design Idea of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design Idea of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Design Brand of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design Brand of the Day honorees.
Discover and learn more about the Design Trend of the Day, or Explore and see all past Design Trend of the Day honorees.
Andrea Pisano
Andrea Pisano was a prominent Italian architect, sculptor, and designer who lived during the 13th and 14th centuries. He was a master of his craft, pushing the boundaries of design and art to create innovative and unique works that still inspire awe today. Pisano was an influential figure in the development of Italian art and architecture, and his legacy can still be seen in the works of many modern designers. Pisano's most famous works include the bronze doors for the Florence Cathedral, the baptistery of Pisa Cathedral, the relief sculptures at the Campanile of Giotto in Florence, and the pulpit of Santa Croce. He was able to blend classical and Gothic elements to create a unique style that was ahead of its time. His works show a unique blend of classical and Gothic elements, with intricate details and expressive use of space. Pisano was also a skilled sculptor, creating works that were both beautiful and technically impressive. His sculptures were known for their lifelike quality and attention to detail. He was able to create works that were both beautiful and technically impressive, pushing the boundaries of what was possible in sculpture at the time. Overall, Andrea Pisano was a master of his craft and an influential figure in the development of Italian art and architecture. His innovative designs pushed the boundaries of the art and design world, inspiring others to create works of art and architecture that stand the test of time.
Italian architect, sculptor, designer, innovative, unique, classical, Gothic, bronze doors, Florence Cathedral, baptistery, Pisa Cathedral, relief sculptures, Campanile of Giotto, pulpit, Santa Croce, lifelike, attention to detail, influential, master of
Artistic Design
Artistic Design is the overarching term used to refer to the process of creating aesthetically pleasing and visually appealing designs for products and services. By combining elements of art, creativity, and technical design, professional designers create innovative and stunning designs that stand out from the competition. It is an important part of any brand’s identity as it is the tangible presence customers have with that brand. Artistic Design is vital to the success of any brand, product, or service.
Visual Design, Graphic Design, Branding, Illustration, Creativity.
Andor Weininger
Andor Weininger is a master of the arts, having achieved an impressive and varied portfolio of works in sculpture, printmaking, and painting. His works are powerful in their expressiveness, conveying a great range of emotion and sentiment that is both captivating and thought-provoking. His use of unconventional materials, bold colors, and intricate forms of abstraction demonstrate a keen understanding of the visual arts, which has made him an acclaimed artist in his field. Weininger has also mastered the use of light and space to create a strong visual presence, which is evident in his work. He is known for his willingness to take risks and his ability to push the boundaries of art, while still maintaining a sense of integrity and balance. Weininger's artwork has been featured in galleries and publications around the world, and he has been honored with numerous awards and accolades.
Creative, Innovative, Expressionism, Sculpture, Abstraction, Colorful.
Appliances For Heating
Appliances for heating are devices designed to generate heat and warm up a space. These appliances are commonly used in homes, offices, and other indoor spaces to provide warmth and comfort during cold weather. There are various types of appliances for heating, each with its own unique features and benefits. One of the most common appliances for heating is the furnace. Furnaces are large appliances that are typically installed in a central location in a home or building. They generate heat by burning fuel, such as natural gas, oil, or propane, and then distribute the warm air through a system of ducts and vents. Furnaces are highly efficient and can quickly warm up large spaces, making them a popular choice for heating homes and commercial buildings. Another popular appliance for heating is the space heater. Space heaters are smaller, portable devices that are designed to heat up a specific area or room. They come in various sizes and types, including electric, gas, and propane models. Space heaters are ideal for heating up small spaces, such as bedrooms, offices, or garages, and can be easily moved from one location to another. Radiant heaters are another type of appliance for heating. These devices generate heat by emitting infrared radiation, which warms up objects and people in the room rather than the air itself. Radiant heaters are highly efficient and can quickly warm up a space, making them a popular choice for outdoor patios, garages, and workshops.
furnace, space heater, radiant heater, warmth, comfort
Ambulacrum
Ambulacrum is a type of architectural feature that has a long history in the design of buildings and structures. The term was first used in the Roman era to describe pathways, particularly those that were built to be integrated into the architecture of a building or structure. Ambulacra have several uses, primarily serving as a way to provide access to different parts of a building, while also adding aesthetic value to the structure. In modern buildings, they are often used as pedestrian routes, such as sidewalks, or as decorative features such as balustrades and arcades. They can also be used to create outdoor spaces such as courtyards or plazas.
Ambulacra, architecture, design, pathways, pedestrian routes
Animation
Animation is the art of creating moving images through the use of computer-generated imagery. It is a process of creating the illusion of motion and change by rapidly displaying a series of static images. Animation is used in many forms of media, from feature films to television series, from video games to commercials.
2D animation, 3D animation, motion graphics, character animation, visual effects.
Aoigaoka Keisei
Aoigaoka Keisei is a celebrated Japanese artist who has made significant contributions to the world of visual arts. His unique style of blending realism, abstract, Asian and non-Asian influences has earned him worldwide recognition as an innovator and a design influencer. He is known for his masterful use of color and his ability to tell stories through his art in a way that resonates with diverse audiences. Keisei's artworks, installations, sculptures, and paintings are a testament to his creativity and innovation in the design world. He has a unique ability to create visual language that connects with a wide array of audiences. His works often contain a narrative component that engages and captivates viewers, while encouraging thought and reflection. Keisei's most acclaimed works include Striking Appearances, Connection in Chaos, and My Home Japan. These works showcase his ability to merge different styles and influences to create a unique aesthetic language that speaks to the viewer. His art has been featured in many exhibitions and galleries around the world, further increasing the reach of his work. Keisei's success in the visual arts has earned him many awards throughout his career. He is known to be a master of craftsmanship and his works are a testament to his dedication and passion for his craft. His influence in the design world is undeniable, and his contributions to the art world will continue to inspire future generations of artists.
Aoigaoka Keisei, Japanese artist, visual arts, realism, abstract, Asian, non-Asian, color, narrative, innovation, design influencer, Striking Appearances, Connection in Chaos, My Home Japan, exhibitions, galleries, awards, craftsmanship, passion
Angelo Albanesi
Angelo Albanesi is a celebrated Italian artist well known for his use of muted colors and evocative strokes. His oil paintings, in particular, feature a subtle combination of light, shadow, and texture that make his artworks a delight to behold. His canvases draw the viewer in with their masterful blend of realism and abstraction. Albanesi's technique and skill have won him recognition from art enthusiasts across the globe. His most renowned works include 'The Lone Tree', 'Rise of the Sun', and 'Vast Oceans'.
Angelo Albanesi, Italian artist, visual arts, paintings, oil paintings, realism, abstraction.
Art And Architecture Pedagogy
Art and architecture pedagogy refers to the methods and practices used to teach and facilitate learning of art and architecture. It encompasses a wide range of approaches, from traditional lecture-based instruction to more innovative and experiential forms of learning such as design thinking and problem-solving. An effective art and architecture pedagogy relies on a combination of theoretical knowledge, practical skills, and critical thinking. It should engage students in the creative process, challenge them to think outside the box, and encourage experimentation and exploration. A good art and architecture instructor should provide a supportive and collaborative learning environment, where students can receive regular feedback and guidance. One successful method of art and architecture pedagogy is project-based learning, where students work on real-world design challenges and create tangible solutions. This approach allows students to apply their knowledge in a hands-on way, while also fostering teamwork, communication, and leadership skills. Another important aspect of art and architecture pedagogy is the incorporation of technology and digital tools. This allows students to create and test designs in virtual environments, simulate real-world conditions, and collaborate with peers globally. Overall, a successful art and architecture pedagogy is characterized by its ability to inspire creativity, foster critical thinking and problem-solving, and provide students with the tools and knowledge necessary to succeed in their future careers.
Pedagogy, Design thinking, Project-based learning, Technology, Collaboration
Art And Architecture In Literature
Art and architecture have been important themes in literature throughout history. From the epic poems of ancient civilizations to modern novels, writers have used these subjects to explore human experiences, express social and cultural values, and create vivid imagery. Art and architecture in literature can take many forms, from descriptions of physical structures to metaphors and symbols that represent deeper meanings. In ancient literature, art and architecture were often used to convey the grandeur and power of rulers and gods. The epic poems of Homer, for example, describe the magnificent palaces of the Greek gods and the elaborate armor and weapons of the heroes. Similarly, the ancient Egyptians and Mesopotamians used art and architecture to celebrate their rulers and religious beliefs. The pyramids, temples, and tombs of these civilizations were not only impressive feats of engineering, but also symbols of the divine power of their rulers. In medieval literature, art and architecture were often used to convey religious and moral values. Gothic cathedrals, with their soaring arches and intricate carvings, were seen as expressions of the glory of God and the beauty of the natural world. In Dante's Divine Comedy, the architecture of Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven reflects the moral order of the universe and the journey of the soul. In modern literature, art and architecture are often used to explore the human condition and the complexities of modern society. Virginia Woolf's To the Lighthouse, for example, uses the construction of a lighthouse as a metaphor for the search for meaning and purpose in life. In F. Scott Fitzgerald's The Great Gatsby, the opulent mansions of the wealthy symbolize the excess and corruption of the Jazz Age. Overall, art and architecture in literature serve as powerful tools for writers to explore the human experience, express cultural values, and create vivid imagery that resonates with readers.
ancient civilizations, religious values, moral order, modern society, human experience
Actuator Design
Actuator Design is the systematic process of creating mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic devices that convert energy into controlled physical motion or force. This specialized field of engineering combines principles from mechanical design, electronics, and control systems to develop components that enable precise movement in machines and automated systems. The discipline encompasses the careful consideration of materials, power requirements, control mechanisms, and environmental factors to create efficient and reliable motion-generating devices. Actuator designers must account for various parameters including force output, speed, acceleration, precision, duty cycle, and operational environment while adhering to size and weight constraints. The evolution of actuator design has been significantly influenced by technological advancements, particularly in areas such as robotics, aerospace, and industrial automation. Modern actuator design incorporates sophisticated elements such as smart materials, integrated sensors, and advanced control algorithms to achieve optimal performance. The field has seen remarkable progress in energy efficiency and miniaturization, leading to innovations in applications ranging from industrial machinery to medical devices. The design process typically involves extensive modeling, simulation, and testing phases to ensure reliability and performance standards are met. Actuator designs are regularly featured in design competitions, including the A' Design Award's Industrial and Engineering Design categories, where innovations in this field are recognized for their contribution to technological advancement. The integration of sustainable design principles has become increasingly important, with designers focusing on energy-efficient solutions and environmentally conscious materials.
motion control, mechanical engineering, automation systems, force generation, electromechanical design
ALDAR Headquarters Office Headquarters
ALDAR Headquarters Office headquarters is a groundbreaking architectural marvel located in Al Raha Beach, Abu Dhabi, distinguished by its innovative semispherical design comprising two circular convex-shaped facades connected by a narrow band of indented glazing. This iconic structure, completed in 2010, represents a harmonious fusion of classical architectural principles and contemporary engineering innovation, standing 110 meters tall with 25 floors above ground and encompassing a total built-up area of 123,000 square meters. The design, inspired by the symbolism of a clam shell—paying homage to Abu Dhabi's maritime heritage—employs a sophisticated external diamond-shaped steel structure known as a diagrid, marking the first implementation of its kind in the UAE. This structural system eliminates the need for internal columns, maximizing spatial efficiency and layout flexibility while maintaining the building's striking aesthetic appeal. The project's development was guided by the golden section ratio, an architectural principle that informed the building's proportions and stability points where it meets the ground. The structure's environmental consciousness is evident in its incorporation of sustainable features, including recyclable materials, efficient lighting and water systems, and a subterranean automated vacuum waste collection system—achieving LEED silver rating standards. The building's circular elevation and curved surfaces create a timeless geometry that symbolizes perfection and infinity, while its innovative design earned it the prestigious Platinum A' Design Award in the Architecture, Building and Structure Design category, recognizing its exceptional contribution to architectural innovation and sustainable design practices. The project's success lies in its holistic approach, merging architectural aesthetics with structural efficiency, resulting in a building that achieves 82% efficiency in floor area utilization while serving as a landmark that redefines the possibilities of circular architecture in contemporary urban landscapes.
circular architecture, sustainable design, diagrid structure, innovative office building, geometric architecture, environmental efficiency
Aperture
Aperture is a fundamental typographic measurement and design element that refers to the partially enclosed, negative space within a letterform or character. This distinctive feature plays a crucial role in typeface design, readability, and overall visual communication. In typography, apertures can be found in letters such as 'e', 'c', 's', and 'a', where they create openings that affect both the character's legibility and its aesthetic qualities. The size and shape of an aperture significantly influence how quickly and easily readers can distinguish individual characters, particularly at smaller sizes or in challenging viewing conditions. Historically, the consideration of aperture design emerged alongside the evolution of typeface creation, from early hand-carved letterforms to modern digital fonts. Type designers must carefully balance the aperture's dimensions with other character attributes to maintain consistency across the typeface while ensuring optimal readability. The relationship between aperture size and legibility has been extensively studied in typographic research, revealing that more open apertures generally enhance character recognition, especially in challenging reading environments or for readers with visual impairments. This understanding has influenced contemporary type design practices, where aperture considerations have become increasingly important in creating fonts for digital displays and various reading devices. The concept has gained such significance that it is often a key criterion in design competitions, including the A' Design Award's typography category, where the thoughtful treatment of apertures can distinguish exceptional typeface designs.
typography, letterform design, negative space, character recognition, visual hierarchy
Aram Alban
Aram Alban is a French artist whose practice is rooted in the exploration of the human experience. Through their works, they strive to capture the nuances of memory and imagination, often creating bold and vibrant compositions that push the boundaries of the traditional canvas. Alban’s works are known for their unique use of colour and form, using gradations and unexpected juxtapositions to create a dialogue between the artist and the viewer. Their works have been critically acclaimed for their ability to capture the viewers attention and evoke emotion and thoughtfulness, making them an invaluable asset to the world of art and design. Alban’s works draw upon a wide range of influences, from art history to contemporary culture, making them a versatile and exciting addition to any creative project.
Aram Alban, artist, painter, French, oil, painting, abstraction, realism, colour, form.
Auditorium Design
Auditorium design is a complex and multifaceted field that requires a deep understanding of various disciplines such as architecture, acoustics, theater, interior design, and engineering. The design of an auditorium involves creating an environment that is both aesthetically pleasing and functional, with the ultimate goal of providing an optimal experience for both the performers and the audience. One of the key aspects of auditorium design is the consideration of acoustics. The design must take into account the type of performances that will take place in the space, as well as the materials used in the construction of the auditorium. The positioning of the stage, the placement of speakers, and the shape of the room all play a crucial role in achieving optimal acoustics. Another important consideration in auditorium design is the seating arrangement. The design must ensure that all audience members have a clear view of the stage, and that the seating is comfortable and ergonomically designed. The placement of aisles and exits must also be carefully considered to ensure safe and efficient traffic flow. Lighting is also a critical aspect of auditorium design. The lighting must be designed to enhance the performance and create the desired mood, while also providing sufficient illumination for the audience to move around safely. In addition to these technical considerations, auditorium design must also take into account the overall aesthetic of the space. The design should be visually appealing and complement the type of performances that will take place in the auditorium.
auditorium, design, acoustics, seating, lighting
Angela Ricci Lucchi
Angela Ricci Lucchi is an Italian artist who is renowned for her unique approach to painting. Her works often combine elements of abstraction and realism, confronting the traditional boundaries between the two. She studied at the Academy of Fine Arts in Rome, where she received formal training in the field. Her paintings can be found in the collections of several major art galleries, including the Galleria Degli Uffizi in Florence and the Peggy Guggenheim in Venice. Some of her most acclaimed works include 'Titolo Inverso', 'Una Donna Sola', 'Natura Morta' and 'Luce Inversa'.
Angela Ricci Lucchi, Italian artist, paintings, abstract realism, Academy of Fine Arts, Rome, Galleria Degli Uffizi, Florence, Peggy Guggenheim, Venice, Titolo Inverso, Una Donna Sola, Natura Morta, Luce Inversa.
— Mei Wang
Anne Chase
The American Artist Anne Chase has established herself as an eminent figure in the art scene due to her unique style of abstract paintings. Anne's works bring together elements of vibrant colors, realism, and abstract expressionism that bring the emotion of her work alive. She has been commended for her intricate use of brushstrokes, evoking the energy of the artwork and captivating the onlooker. Chase's most distinguished works include 'A New Hope', 'I Am Nature', and 'Farewell'.
Anne Chase American Artist, abstract painter, vibrant colors, realism, expressionism, brushstrokes, emotion, New Hope, Nature, Farewell
Asger Jorn
Asger Jorn is an influential and renowned artist of the twentieth century. He is known for a wide range of works that span painting, sculpture, architecture and ceramics. His progressive and revolutionary style made him a pioneer of the avant-garde movement in the European post-war era. He was a multifaceted artist with a passion for social and political commentary, often expressing his ideas in abstract forms. His works were often imbued with a sense of energy and vibrancy befitting of his rebellious spirit.
Asger Jorn, avant-garde, painting, sculpture, architecture, ceramics.
Auguste Labouret
Auguste Labouret was a true pioneer of modern French art. His passion for painting, drawing, and sculpting was evident in every piece he created. He was known for his use of bright colors, light, and shadow in his paintings, giving them a unique and captivating look. He was also known for his mastery of perspective and the way he used it to draw the viewer into his works. His works have always been admired for their beauty and skillful composition. His pieces often featured landscapes, still lifes, and portraits, often featuring subjects that were both unique and familiar.
Labouret, French art, painting, drawing, sculpting, colors, light, shadow, perspective, landscapes, still lifes, portraits.
Alena Aenami
Alena Aenami is an artist whose works have been described as captivating and powerful, often exploring themes of love and identity. She has a unique style that combines elements of surrealism, dreamscapes, and magic, creating pieces that are as thought-provoking as they are visually stunning. Her works have been featured in galleries and exhibitions around the world and have earned her praise from art enthusiasts and critics alike. Alena is also a pioneer in the field of digital media, creating interactive installations and multimedia pieces that are as innovative as her traditional works. From her bold use of color to her ability to capture emotion and evoke the imagination, Alena Aenami is a true master of her craft.
Alena Aenami, art, artist, painting, digital media, installation, multimedia.
Adriaen Van Der Werff
Adriaen van der Werff is a renowned Dutch painter who has made an immense contribution to the world of arts and culture. His most impressive works include portraits, and genre paintings such as 'The Concert' and 'The Love Letter'. His distinct style is characterized by graceful compositions and exquisite attention to detail, making his paintings highly sought after by art collectors. Van der Werff has had a profound influence on the Dutch Golden Age of painting.
Adriaen van der Werff, Dutch painter, portrait, genre paintings, The Concert, The Love Letter, Dutch Golden Age of painting
Art In South Africa
Art in South Africa has a rich and diverse history that reflects the country's complex cultural landscape. The art of the indigenous people of the area was characterized by a strong sense of symbolism and ritual, with traditional beadwork and wood carving featuring prominently in their art. During the colonial period, European styles of painting and sculpture largely dominated the art of South Africa, with the most prominent artists being those who had received formal training in Europe. However, in the early 20th century, a new wave of South African artists emerged, who began to experiment with modernist styles such as cubism, abstract expressionism and surrealism. These artists were largely influenced by their experiences of apartheid, creating works that addressed themes of racial injustice and inequality. During the apartheid era, art was used as a form of protest and resistance to the oppressive regime, with a number of political art movements emerging during this time. These movements included the Black Consciousness Movement, which sought to promote black pride and identity through art, and the Resistance Art Movement, which used art to challenge the apartheid government's policies. In recent years, South African art has continued to evolve and diversify, with a strong emphasis on contemporary art, street art, and digital art. One notable aspect of South African art is its focus on social and political issues, particularly those related to race, identity, and inequality. Many contemporary South African artists use their work to explore these themes, often drawing on their personal experiences and cultural backgrounds. Another important aspect of South African art is its engagement with traditional African art forms, such as beadwork, wood carving, and mask-making. Many contemporary South African artists incorporate these traditional techniques and motifs into their work, creating a unique blend of old and new. Overall, art in South Africa is a vibrant and dynamic field that reflects the country's rich cultural heritage and complex history. From its early roots in indigenous African art to its current focus on contemporary and digital art forms, South African art continues to evolve and inspire audiences both at home and abroad.
South Africa, art history, colonialism, apartheid, contemporary art, social issues
Aero Postale Lamp
Aero Postale Lamp is an innovative lighting design that exemplifies the harmonious fusion of minimalist aesthetics and functional efficiency in contemporary industrial design. Created by Studio Nils Fischer, this versatile lighting solution is crafted from a single piece of laser-cut and powder-coated alloy, demonstrating remarkable material efficiency and environmental consciousness in its production methodology. The design's distinctive form draws inspiration from the romantic imagery of an unfolding love letter envelope, creating a poetic narrative through its geometric composition while serving as a practical lighting solution. Available in multiple configurations including table lamp, wall-mounted version, and pendant variations with two to four light sources, the Aero Postale Lamp series showcases versatility in application while maintaining design coherence. The lamp's dimensions of 40 centimeters in height, 16 centimeters in width, and 25 centimeters in depth create a balanced proportion suitable for various spatial contexts. A notable design feature is the intentional contrast between the lamp body and power cord, which emphasizes the interface element of the switch, demonstrating thoughtful attention to user interaction. The design's excellence was recognized with a Bronze A' Design Award in the Lighting Products and Fixtures Design category, acknowledging its innovative approach to combining aesthetic appeal with practical functionality. This achievement highlights the lamp's contribution to contemporary lighting design through its efficient production method, environmental considerations, and emotional resonance created by its envelope-inspired form.
lighting design, minimalist aesthetics, powder-coated alloy, envelope-inspired form, contemporary industrial design, sustainable production
Architecture Of Venezuela
The architecture of Venezuela is a reflection of the country's diverse cultural heritage, which is shaped by its rich history and varied geography. Venezuela's architectural history can be traced back to the 16th century when Spanish settlers introduced European architectural styles. In the 19th century, the country experienced a period of rapid industrialization, which saw the introduction of new technologies and materials. This period saw the emergence of a distinct style of architecture that blended European and local influences. This style was characterized by the use of large open spaces and the use of local materials such as wood and stone. The 20th century saw a shift towards modernism, with the introduction of modern materials and technologies. This period also saw the emergence of a unique form of architecture that combined elements of modernism with traditional Venezuelan styles. This style is often referred to as Venezuelan modernism.
Colonial, Baroque, Industrial, Modernism, Vernacular.
Architecture In Myanmar
Architecture in Myanmar is a reflection of the country's rich cultural heritage and its changing landscape over time. It is a blend of traditional styles and modern influences that have shaped the built environment of the country. Myanmar's architecture is characterized by the use of local materials, intricate wood carvings, and elaborate ornamentation that are both aesthetically pleasing and practical. One aspect of architecture in Myanmar that has not been previously discussed is the role of religion in shaping the built environment. Buddhism has been a dominant religion in Myanmar for centuries, and its influence can be seen in the numerous pagodas, stupas, and monasteries that dot the landscape. These religious structures are not only places of worship but also serve as important cultural and social centers for the community. Another aspect of architecture in Myanmar that is worth mentioning is the impact of colonialism on the built environment. The British colonial period in Myanmar saw the introduction of new building styles and materials that were not previously used in the country. The use of brick and stone in classical styles was prevalent during this period, and many colonial-era buildings can still be seen in Yangon and other cities. In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in traditional architecture in Myanmar, with a focus on sustainability and eco-friendly design. Many architects are now incorporating traditional building techniques and materials into their designs, such as bamboo, thatch, and mud bricks. This trend is not only environmentally friendly but also helps to preserve the country's cultural heritage. Overall, architecture in Myanmar is a reflection of the country's rich history, diverse cultural influences, and changing landscape over time. It is a blend of traditional styles and modern influences that continue to shape the built environment of the country.
Myanmar, architecture, religion, Buddhism, colonialism, sustainability
Air Fragrancing Preparations
Air fragrancing preparations are products that are designed to improve the odor of indoor spaces. These preparations come in various forms, including sprays, diffusers, candles, and plug-ins. They contain fragrances that are released into the air to mask unpleasant odors or to create a pleasant ambiance. Air fragrancing preparations are commonly used in homes, offices, and other indoor spaces to create a more pleasant environment. The fragrances used in air fragrancing preparations can be synthetic or natural. Synthetic fragrances are made from chemicals, while natural fragrances are derived from plant extracts, essential oils, or other natural sources. Some air fragrancing preparations contain a combination of both synthetic and natural fragrances. The fragrance used in these preparations can be chosen based on personal preference or the intended use of the product. Air fragrancing preparations are often used to create a specific mood or ambiance in a room. For example, lavender-scented preparations are commonly used to promote relaxation and sleep, while citrus-scented preparations are used to create a more energizing environment. Some air fragrancing preparations are also designed to repel insects, such as mosquitoes. While air fragrancing preparations can be effective at masking unpleasant odors, they should not be used as a substitute for proper cleaning and ventilation. Overuse of air fragrancing preparations can also lead to respiratory irritation and other health problems. It is important to use these products in moderation and to choose products that are safe and non-toxic.
fragrances, synthetic, natural, ambiance, mood
Adolf Schreyer
Adolf Schreyer was a highly acclaimed German artist whose works were characterized by their unique blend of Realism and Romanticism. He was renowned for his attention to detail, particularly in his depictions of animals, and his ability to capture the beauty and emotion of his subjects. Schreyer's works often featured a restrained palette of muted colors, allowing the details of his subjects to take center stage. He was also known for his use of light and shadow, which brought a sense of realism to his work that is still appreciated today. In addition to his genre paintings and equestrian portraits, Schreyer was also known for his religious works, which often featured a much darker and mysterious atmosphere. These works were in stark contrast to his brightly-colored genre paintings, and showcased his versatility as an artist. Schreyer's ability to capture emotion and atmosphere in his works is one of the reasons why they are so beloved by art enthusiasts. Schreyer's influence on the art world extended beyond his own works. He was a member of the Munich School, a group of artists who were known for their innovative techniques and their rejection of traditional academic styles. Schreyer's works were highly influential in the development of the Impressionist movement, and he is considered to be one of the pioneers of modern art. Overall, Adolf Schreyer was a highly talented and influential artist whose works continue to be admired and appreciated today. His ability to blend Realism and Romanticism, his attention to detail, and his use of light and shadow make his works truly unique and memorable.
German artist, Realism, Romanticism, Munich School, Impressionist movement
Ai In Art And Design
AI, or artificial intelligence, is the simulation of human intelligence in machines that are programmed to think and learn like humans. In the world of art and design, AI is being used to enhance and innovate various creative processes. From generating art pieces to designing products, AI has the ability to explore endless possibilities and produce outputs that are unique and authentic. To design a good example of AI in art and design, one must consider several criteria. Firstly, the AI system should be trained with a large dataset of diverse artwork to ensure that it can generate an output that is varied and not repetitive. Additionally, the AI system should be programmed to learn and adapt to evolving artistic and design trends. Secondly, the system should be designed to collaborate with human artists or designers, as a partnership between AI and human creativity can lead to new and exciting possibilities. The AI should be able to take in suggestions and inputs from human artists to improvise and generate outputs that are reflective of human artistic vision. Lastly, the output generated by the AI system should have some element of unpredictability or randomness that distinguishes it from works created purely by human hands. This would lend a unique and authentic quality to the art and design work.
AI, Art, Design, Creativity, Collaboration
Architecture For Security
Architecture for security refers to the design and construction of buildings, structures, or spaces with the intention of preventing, mitigating, and responding to security threats. The primary goal of an architecture for security is to provide a safe and secure environment for its occupants, while also ensuring that the aesthetics of the building are not compromised. To design an architecture for security, the following criteria should be considered: 1. Threat assessment: A comprehensive security assessment should be carried out to identify potential threats and vulnerabilities in the building or space. This will help to guide the design process and ensure that appropriate security measures are put in place. 2. Access control: Access control systems should be designed to restrict entry to unauthorized persons and provide secure access to authorized persons. This can include measures such as key card access, biometric identification systems, and security checkpoints. 3. Protective barriers: Physical barriers such as fences, gates, walls, and bollards should be installed to prevent unauthorized access and protect the building or space from potential threats. 4. Surveillance systems: Video surveillance systems should be designed to provide comprehensive coverage of the building or space, with high-resolution cameras and reliable storage systems. 5. Emergency response: Emergency response plans should be developed and tested to ensure that appropriate measures are in place to respond to potential security threats. In conclusion, designing an architecture for security requires a comprehensive approach that considers all potential threats and vulnerabilities, and employs appropriate security measures to mitigate them. By implementing the guidelines outlined above, architects can ensure that their buildings and spaces are secure while also remaining aesthetically pleasing.
security, threat assessment, access control, protective barriers, surveillance systems, emergency response
Altar
An altar is a sacred structure or object used in religious ceremonies and rituals. It serves as a focal point for worship and symbolizes the presence of a deity or deities. Altars can be found in various religious traditions and are often designed to reflect the beliefs and practices of the worshippers. In addition to being a place of worship, altars can also serve as a site for offerings and sacrifices. These offerings can include food, drink, flowers, and other items that are considered sacred or symbolic. Altars can also be used for meditation, prayer, and contemplation. The design of an altar can vary greatly depending on the religious tradition and the purpose it serves. Some altars are simple and unadorned, while others are ornate and highly decorated. Altars can be constructed from a variety of materials, including stone, wood, metal, and even ice. In some religious traditions, altars are associated with specific rituals and ceremonies. For example, in the Catholic Church, the altar is the focal point of the Mass and is used for the consecration of the Eucharist. In Hinduism, the altar is often used for puja, a ritual of offering and devotion. Overall, the altar is a significant symbol of religious devotion and serves as a physical representation of the spiritual realm. It is a place of reverence and respect, and its design and use are deeply rooted in the beliefs and practices of various religious traditions.
worship, deity, offerings, design, rituals
Ardhi University
Ardhi University, located in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, stands as a prominent institution dedicated to the comprehensive study and research in various fields related to the physical environment and the built environment. The university, originally established as part of the University of Dar es Salaam in the early years of Tanzania's independence, became a fully-fledged university in its own right in 2007, reflecting its growth and the increasing importance of its specialized focus areas. Ardhi University's name, translating to 'Land University' in Swahili, aptly reflects its core focus on land-related studies and its commitment to addressing the challenges and opportunities related to land management, urban planning, and sustainable development. The university is organized into several departments and centers, each focusing on specific areas of expertise and offering a range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs. The Centre for Continuing Education (CCE) plays a pivotal role in providing lifelong learning opportunities, catering to professionals seeking to enhance their skills and knowledge in various fields. The Centre for Disaster Management Training and Safety Engineering is another critical component of the university, focusing on disaster preparedness, mitigation, and recovery strategies, an area of increasing importance in the face of global climate change and urbanization challenges. The Centre for Information and Communication Technology offers programs in Computer Graphics, Computer Science, Data Processing, Information Technology, Maintenance Technology, Surveying, and Mapping, reflecting the university's commitment to integrating technology with its core focus areas. The Institute of Human Settlement Studies, with its emphasis on Town Planning, addresses the critical issues of urbanization and sustainable human settlement patterns, a vital area of study in rapidly urbanizing countries like Tanzania. The School of Architecture, Construction Economics, and Management offers programs in Architecture, Civil Engineering, Economics, Interior Design, and Management, preparing students for the multifaceted challenges of designing, constructing, and managing sustainable buildings and infrastructure projects. The School of Earth Sciences, Real Estate, Business, and Informatics combines the study of Business Administration, Mathematics and Computer Science, Real Estate, Surveying, and Mapping, highlighting the interdisciplinary approach the university adopts in addressing complex real-world issues. The School of Environmental Science and Technology, with programs in Environmental Engineering, Environmental Management, and Environmental Studies, underscores the university's commitment to environmental sustainability and the development of solutions to environmental challenges. Lastly, the School of Spatial Planning and Social Studies offers programs in Economics, Regional Planning, Social Studies, and Town Planning, focusing on the social dimensions of urban and regional planning and the economic aspects of land use and development. Ardhi University's comprehensive approach to education and research, focusing on the interconnections between land use, human settlements, environmental sustainability, and technology, positions it as a key institution in Tanzania and the wider East African region. Its commitment to addressing the challenges of urbanization, environmental management, and sustainable development through education, research, and community engagement makes it a vital contributor to the sustainable development of Tanzania and beyond.
Ardhi University
Architecture Restoration
Architecture restoration refers to the process of repairing, conserving, and preserving historic buildings, monuments, and other structures that have been damaged by time, natural disasters, or human intervention. The aim of architecture restoration is to restore the structure to its original appearance and functionality, while also ensuring its long-term sustainability and usability. Restoration work can involve a range of activities, from structural repairs and cleaning to the replacement of damaged or missing elements. The restoration of historic buildings requires a deep understanding of their architectural style, materials, and construction techniques. Architects and restoration specialists must carefully analyze the building's history and condition to determine the appropriate restoration methods. They must also consider the building's cultural and historical significance, as well as the needs of its current and future users. One of the key challenges in architecture restoration is balancing the need for preservation with the need for modern functionality. Restoration specialists must carefully balance the preservation of historic features and materials with the incorporation of modern technologies and building codes. This requires a high level of skill and expertise in both traditional and modern construction techniques. Overall, architecture restoration plays a crucial role in preserving our cultural heritage and ensuring the sustainability of historic structures for future generations. By carefully restoring and preserving these buildings, we can continue to appreciate their beauty and historical significance while also ensuring their continued use and functionality.
preservation, sustainability, historic buildings, restoration methods, cultural heritage
Automated Assembly
Automated Assembly is a form of robotic engineering that enables designers to create precise products with maximum efficiency. It is used to automate repetitive tasks such as drilling, welding, gluing, and attaching components. Automated assembly machines are programmed to follow instructions and can execute complex tasks with extreme accuracy, speed, and repeatability. This technology can help designers to create products with high-end quality and reliability, while reducing production costs and labor hours. Automated assembly is increasingly being used in the design and arts industry, allowing for the production of highly customized and intricate products.
Robotics, Automation, Machine Learning, Programmable Machines.
August Florian Jaccaci
August Florian Jaccaci was a celebrated American artist and designer who left a lasting impact on the world of art and design. His works were renowned for their unique visual language, which embodied the essence of modern art and explored the boundaries between art and design. Jaccaci's artistic style was characterized by his bold use of color and geometric shapes, which created captivating displays of light and movement. His works often explored themes from nature and transcendental journeys, and he used his art to evoke emotion in his viewers. In addition to his artistic pursuits, August Florian Jaccaci was also known for his commitment to the creative process. He was passionate about helping other designers and artists find their own creative paths and was deeply knowledgeable about the relationship between art and design. Jaccaci's works were exhibited in numerous galleries and museums around the world, and he was the subject of several successful solo exhibitions. His top works included 'Aurora', 'Sea of Mist', and 'Discovery'. August Florian Jaccaci's legacy lives on through his contributions to the world of art and design. He inspired countless artists and designers to push the boundaries of their craft and to explore the creative process in new and exciting ways. His works continue to captivate viewers around the world, and his unique visual language remains a testament to the power of modern art.
American artist, designer, abstract creations, bold use of color, geometric shapes, nature, transcendental journeys, emotion, creative process, galleries, museums, legacy
Award Education Design
Award Education Design is a sub-category of the A' Design Awards, an international design award organized by A' Design Award & Competitions, which recognizes and rewards the most outstanding design projects across a variety of categories. The Award Education Design specifically recognizes the achievements and designs from educational institutions, i.e. schools, universities, academies and colleges. It honors educational projects that have proven to be of extraordinary quality, innovative, have good usability, ease of use and are aesthetically pleasing. It rewards creative and functional designs that make the learning experience more enjoyable and more efficient.
Award Education Design, design competition, creative design, educational projects, A' Design Awards.
Affiliate Marketing
Affiliate Marketing is an online advertising model used by companies to promote products and services. It involves a website owner or affiliate, promoting products or services of another company to their audience in exchange for a commission. The affiliate earns a commission whenever a visitor to their website clicks a link, makes a purchase, or completes a desired action. Designers can utilize this marketing platform to generate more website visits, increase leads, and boost sales.
Affiliate marketing, digital marketing, online advertising, eCommerce, affiliate programs.
Artificial Flower Headdresses
Artificial flower headdresses are decorative headpieces made from synthetic or artificial flowers. These headdresses have been used for centuries in various cultures and traditions, and they are often worn during special occasions such as weddings, festivals, and other celebrations. Artificial flower headdresses are typically made by attaching artificial flowers to a headband or a wire frame, which is then worn on the head like a crown. Artificial flower headdresses are popular because they offer a number of advantages over real flower headdresses. Unlike real flowers, artificial flowers do not wilt or fade, and they can be reused multiple times. Additionally, artificial flower headdresses can be made in any color or style, allowing for greater customization and flexibility in design. Artificial flower headdresses are used in a variety of contexts, from traditional ceremonies to modern fashion. In some cultures, artificial flower headdresses are an important part of traditional dress, and they are worn by both men and women. In other contexts, artificial flower headdresses are used as a fashion accessory, and they are often worn by brides, models, and performers. Despite their popularity, artificial flower headdresses have also been subject to criticism. Some people argue that they are culturally appropriative, particularly when worn by people who are not part of the culture from which the headdress originates. Others argue that they are environmentally unfriendly, as they are often made from non-biodegradable materials. Overall, artificial flower headdresses are a versatile and popular accessory that have been used for centuries in a variety of contexts. While they have faced criticism in recent years, they remain a popular choice for those looking to add a touch of beauty and elegance to their look.
artificial flowers, headpieces, traditions, fashion, criticism
Alex Liu
Alex Liu is an acclaimed designer who values the importance of problem-solving in design. His portfolio includes a wide range of products from bakeware to cookware, all of which demonstrate his ability to create solutions that are both innovative and practical. His work has been praised for its simplicity and elegance, often leaving viewers in awe of his creative flair. Alex's approach to design is rooted in the idea that the best solutions are often the most straightforward ones. He believes in creating products that are both aesthetically pleasing and highly functional, making him a sought-after professional in the design world.
Creative, Innovative, Problem-Solving, Elegant.
Andrea Fornari
Andrea Fornari is a highly respected and acclaimed Italian artist, renowned throughout the art world for his diverse and culturally significant works. He has earned a name for himself as an experimental artist, pushing the boundaries of traditional art. Known for his skillful techniques and use of vibrant colour, Fornari's works are often described as thought-provoking and captivating. His works explore a wide range of topics, from societal themes to abstract explorations. Notable pieces by Andrea Fornari include the Venus on the Avenue, Dawn of a New City, and The Morning Glass.
Italian art, Contemporary Art, Expressionism, Figurative Painting, Abstract Art.
Alonso Sánchez Coello
Alonso Sánchez Coello was a renowned artist and one of the first great portraitists of the Spanish Golden Age. He is best known for his portraits of the royalty and many important figures of the 16th century. His works are notable for their lifelike quality, ingenious compositions, and vibrant colors. He is credited for creating some of the most iconic portraits of the era, including King Philip II, Philip III, and Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
Alonso Sánchez Coello, Spanish Golden Age, portraitist, 16th-century, painter, artist, royal portraits
AI Regulation
AI Regulation refers to the framework of laws, policies, and guidelines designed to govern the development, deployment, and use of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to ensure they are safe, ethical, and beneficial to society. This regulatory landscape is multifaceted, encompassing issues such as data privacy, algorithmic transparency, accountability, and the mitigation of biases within AI systems. The importance of AI Regulation stems from the rapid advancement and integration of AI into various sectors, including healthcare, finance, transportation, and more, which presents both unprecedented opportunities and significant challenges. For instance, while AI can optimize efficiencies, enhance services, and contribute to economic growth, it also raises concerns about job displacement, privacy infringements, and the potential for decision-making algorithms to perpetuate or exacerbate social inequalities. Therefore, AI Regulation seeks to balance the promotion of innovation and the protection of individual rights and societal values. It involves stakeholders from across the spectrum, including governments, industry players, academia, and civil society, working collaboratively to develop standards and best practices. The role of design in this context is crucial, as it influences how AI technologies are conceptualized and implemented, ensuring they are user-centric and aligned with ethical guidelines. Moreover, competitions like the A' Design Award play a significant role in recognizing and promoting design projects that incorporate AI in innovative and responsible ways, highlighting the intersection of design excellence and ethical AI use.
AI regulation, ethical AI, data privacy, algorithmic transparency, societal impact of AI, A' Design Award
Architeckt
Architeckt is an incorrect spelling of the word Architecture in English language, stemming from Germanic language influences where kt is a common consonant combination, particularly in words like Architekt (German) and Arkitekt (Swedish, Danish, Norwegian). This common misspelling reflects the word's etymology and its variations across different languages, where similar spellings are actually correct in their respective contexts. The proper English spelling Architecture derives from Middle French architecture and Latin architectura, ultimately from the Greek arkhitekton meaning chief builder. The discipline itself encompasses the art and science of designing and constructing buildings and other physical structures, requiring extensive knowledge of mathematics, physics, aesthetics, and social behavior. The field has evolved significantly from ancient civilizations to contemporary practice, incorporating various technological advancements and sustainable approaches. Modern architecture integrates digital tools, environmental considerations, and innovative materials while adhering to established principles of form, function, and spatial organization. The profession continues to adapt to changing societal needs, with practitioners often participating in prestigious recognition programs such as the A' Design Award & Competition's architecture category, which evaluates architectural projects based on innovation, functionality, and social impact.
architecture design construction building structure
Alexandre Bourgoin
Alexandre Bourgoin is a renowned French artist in contemporary art, celebrated for his emotive expressions, strong visuals, and vibrant hues. His works are thought-provoking and capture a wide array of feelings, from joy and optimism to sadness and despair. He has been praised for his ability to bring to life the beauty of everyday life in his pieces and for his ability to portray universal experiences. His art is characterized by a unique style that combines elements of abstract expressionism, surrealism, and symbolism. He has a knack for capturing the mundane in an inventive and refreshing way. Bourgoin's works have been exhibited in galleries and museums around the world, and he has been featured in numerous publications. His paintings are beloved by many and serve as a source of inspiration for many designers, artists, and creatives.
Abstract, Expressionism, Surrealism, Symbolism.
Auguste Renoir
Considered one of the leading impressionist painters of the 19th century, Auguste Renoir was a French artist whose works have stood the test of time. His paintings are renowned for their extraordinary ability to capture the beauty of the everyday, often focusing on the female form. Some of his most famous works, such as Luncheon of the Boating Party, Dance at Le Moulin de la Galette, and Bal du moulin de la Galette, are renowned for their vibrant colors, delicate brushwork, and captivating subjects. Renoir's works have been embraced and celebrated by art enthusiasts across the world, making him one of the most influential Impressionist painters of all time.
Art, Impressionist, France, Painter, Renoir
Automotive Diagnostic Algorithms
Designers that employ automotive diagnostic algorithms must have a deep understanding of how cars and their components work. Automotive diagnostic algorithms help designers to quickly identify and diagnose issues with cars and their components, saving valuable time and resources. By utilizing these algorithms, designers can quickly identify and isolate potential problems, allowing them to quickly and accurately diagnose and resolve any issues. Automotive diagnostic algorithms also enable designers to identify and prevent any potential issues that could arise during the manufacturing process, ensuring the highest levels of quality and reliability in the finished product.
Diagnostics, Automotive, Algorithms, Performance.
Aureliano De Beruete
Aureliano De Beruete was a prominent Spanish artist born in Madrid in 1845 and passed away in the same city in 1912. He was a member of a distinguished aristocratic family, and his father was a diplomat. De Beruete was a versatile artist who excelled in painting, sculpture, and writing. He was a key figure in the history of Spanish art and culture, and his works have left an indelible mark on the history of art. De Beruete was highly influenced by the works of Velázquez, and he was known for his photorealistic style, which he often used in his portraits and landscapes. He was also a great admirer of the Baroque art of Rubens, and his works often featured intricate details and a distinct style. He was renowned for his use of vibrant and vivid colors, often creating paintings with an air of optimism and energy. His works are featured in many Spanish museums, from Madrid to Barcelona, and his works range from portraiture to landscapes. In addition to his artistic talents, De Beruete was also a prolific writer. He wrote several books on art, including a biography of Velázquez and a study of the Spanish school of painting. He was also a regular contributor to art journals and newspapers, where he shared his insights and opinions on the art world. De Beruete's creative talents also extended to sculpture, and he was known for being an innovator in the field. He was a pioneer in the use of modern materials and techniques to convey his ideas, often exploring the limits of what was possible. His works continue to inspire many aspiring and established artists alike, and he remains one of the most beloved and respected figures in art history.
Aureliano De Beruete, Spanish artist, photorealistic style, Velázquez, Rubens, vibrant colors, versatile artist, sculpture, writer, innovator
Antonio Bellucci
Antonio Bellucci was a master of the Baroque style, with its bold colors and dramatic compositions. He was a skilled draughtsman, able to combine classical elements with a modern aesthetic. His works often feature a deep psychological depth, exploring themes of mortality and the human condition. He is particularly renowned for his iconic works, such as The School of Athens and The Sistine Madonna, which have become classic examples of the Baroque style. His works are also known for their attention to detail and the vibrant colors, creating a timeless beauty. Antonio Bellucci continues to be an inspiration to many modern artists and designers, who strive to capture the same level of excellence in their own works.
Antonio Bellucci, Baroque, Art, Painting, Design, Creativity, Legacy.
Advertising Designer
Advertising Designers are responsible for crafting visual messages that will influence and shape the opinion, behaviour, and preferences of a target audience. An Advertising Designer must have a strong understanding of the principles of effective advertising and design, as well as the fundamentals of design, such as composition, hierarchy, contrast, emphasis, colour, typography, and layout. Additionally, they should be aware of the latest trends in both advertising and design, and have the ability to use a variety of tools, such as Adobe Creative Suite, to create their designs. Furthermore, an Advertising Designer must also have an understanding of the target audience and be able to craft designs that are tailored to them. It is also important for an Advertising Designer to have strong communication and problem-solving skills in order to collaborate with other team members and ensure that the final design meets the needs and expectations of the client.
Advertising, Design, Art, Creativity.
Art In Public Spaces
Art in public spaces refers to the placement and installation of works of art in outdoor or indoor areas that are accessible to the general public. This includes parks, plazas, government buildings, transportation facilities, and other communal areas. The purpose of art in public spaces is to enhance the aesthetic appeal of the environment, create a sense of identity and community, and promote social interaction among individuals. Designing an effective art piece in a public space requires careful consideration of several factors. First, the artwork needs to be appropriate for the surrounding environment and fit with the overall aesthetic of the area. Second, it should be durable and able to withstand exposure to various weather conditions and potential vandalism. Third, the installation and maintenance of the artwork should not disrupt the functionality of the space. Additionally, the artwork should be thought-provoking and engaging for the viewers. It should challenge their perception of the environment and inspire conversation and reflection. The artist should consider the audience that the artwork will attract and aim to create a piece that resonates with them. Finally, the artwork should have a purpose or message that is relevant to the space it occupies. For example, a sculpture in a park may promote environmental conservation, while a mural on a government building may commemorate a historical event.
Public art, community engagement, installation, durability, message
After-sun Lotion For Cosmetic Purposes
After-sun lotion for cosmetic purposes is a topical product designed to soothe and moisturize the skin after exposure to the sun. These lotions are formulated to address the specific needs of sun-exposed skin, which can become dry, irritated, and damaged from UV radiation. The primary function of after-sun lotion is to provide relief from the discomfort of sunburn and to prevent further damage to the skin. After-sun lotions typically contain a combination of moisturizing and soothing ingredients, such as aloe vera, chamomile, and vitamin E. These ingredients work together to hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healing. Some after-sun lotions also contain ingredients that help to restore the skin's natural barrier function, which can be compromised by sun exposure. When choosing an after-sun lotion, it is important to look for a product that is specifically formulated for use after sun exposure. These products are designed to be gentle on sun-damaged skin and may contain ingredients that are not found in regular moisturizers. It is also important to choose a lotion that is appropriate for your skin type and to follow the instructions for use carefully. In addition to providing relief from sunburn, after-sun lotion can also help to prevent premature aging of the skin. UV radiation can cause damage to the skin's collagen and elastin fibers, which can lead to wrinkles, sagging, and other signs of aging. By moisturizing and nourishing the skin after sun exposure, after-sun lotion can help to minimize the long-term effects of sun damage.
after-sun lotion, sun exposure, moisturizing, soothing, UV radiation
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The free encyclopedia on good design, art, architecture, creativity, engineering and innovation.
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