Design+Encyclopedia - Page 191
From Design+Encyclopedia, the free encyclopedia on good design, art, architecture, creativity, engineering and innovation.
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Aerospace Packaging Design
Aerospace packaging design is a specialized field of engineering that involves creating packages that are specially designed to protect components used in aerospace vehicles, such as satellites and spacecraft. These packages must meet stringent requirements such as vibration and shock resistance, thermal stability, and specific weight and dimensional requirements. Designers must also consider the environmental conditions of space, such as the intense radiation, vacuum, and extreme temperatures. By using the latest technologies, such as 3D printing and additive manufacturing, it is possible to create custom packages that can meet the exact requirements of the aerospace industry.
Protection, reliability, safety, efficiency.
Anthropology
Anthropology is the study of human behavior, societies and cultures. In the context of design, anthropology provides designers with a better understanding of the people who use their products or services. It helps designers to create a more user-friendly experience by understanding the motivations, needs, and values of customers, so they can create designs that are more likely to be accepted by users.
Design anthropology, user research, user experience (UX), user-centered design, user needs.
Actor-Network Theory
Actor–Network Theory (ANT) is an approach to social theory and research that emphasizes the ways in which social and technological elements are intertwined. It is based on the idea that humans as well as non-human elements, such as machines, computers, organizations, and animals, can shape social networks and create outcomes that can be documented and studied. In ANT, actors are understood to be any element that plays a role in the network, including humans, technologies, and organizations. Networks are formed through relationships between actors and are seen as constantly in flux, with actors competing for resources and power. ANT focuses on how networks can be used to not only understand how certain elements interact and create outcomes, but also how certain outcomes can be used to influence the network itself.
Actor-Network Theory, Social Relations, Technological Elements, Interactions, Networks.
Airplane Towing Vehicles
Airplane towing vehicles, also known as aircraft tugs, are specialized ground vehicles used to move aircraft around airports, hangars, and maintenance facilities. These vehicles are designed to safely and efficiently tow aircraft of various sizes and weights, from small single-engine planes to large commercial airliners. Airplane towing vehicles come in different sizes and shapes, depending on the type of aircraft they are designed to tow. They typically have a low profile and a powerful engine to provide the necessary traction to move heavy loads. They are also equipped with a tow bar or hitch that attaches to the nose gear or main landing gear of the aircraft. One of the key features of airplane towing vehicles is their maneuverability. They are designed to make tight turns and navigate through narrow spaces, such as hangar doors and taxiways. They also have excellent visibility, with large windows and mirrors that allow the driver to see all around the vehicle and the aircraft being towed. Airplane towing vehicles are operated by trained personnel who follow strict safety procedures to prevent accidents and damage to the aircraft. They are also subject to regular maintenance and inspections to ensure they are in good working condition. In summary, airplane towing vehicles are essential tools for the safe and efficient movement of aircraft on the ground. They are designed to provide the necessary power, maneuverability, and visibility to tow aircraft of different sizes and weights, while ensuring the safety of both the vehicle operator and the aircraft being towed.
aircraft tugs, ground vehicles, tow bar, maneuverability, safety procedures
Apparel Design
Apparel design is the creative process of developing and constructing garments for the purpose of aesthetic expression and functional utility. It involves the application of design principles and elements such as line, shape, texture, color and silhouette to create garments that are both fashionable and practical. Apparel design is a multi-faceted field that requires a combination of technical knowledge and creative skill, as well as an understanding of trends and the ability to interpret consumer needs.
Clothing design, fashion design, fashion illustration, textile design, patternmaking, sewing, garment construction, styling, fit, silhouette, fabric manipulation.
Anja Uhren
Anja Uhren (German Illustrator) has made her magnificent mark on the art world with her stunning designs. She has created a number of stunning illustrations and iconic characters, such as the lovable Yokie Koi, the mischievous alien Uli, and the heartwarming Lampe family. Other popular works include the cute and colorful duo Stoffel and Thien, the awe-inspiring landscapes of her children's book Kaninchen im Herbst, and the buzz-worthy bee of her logo for the city of Berlin. Her work is admired for its unique and fun styles, as well as its timeless quality. Anja Uhren is a model for aspiring illustrators, showing how to make beautiful art with a combination of vibrant colors, realistic depictions and a flair for the whimsical.
Anja Uhren, German Illustrator, Illustration, Iconic Characters, Yokie Koi, Uli, Lampe Family, Stoffel, Thien, Kaninchen im Herbst, City of Berlin.
Armoires
Armoires are large, freestanding cabinets that are typically used for storing clothing or other personal items. These pieces of furniture have been in use for centuries, and were originally designed to hold armor and other military equipment. Over time, armoires became more ornate and were used to store a variety of household items, from linens to dishes. The design of armoires has evolved over time, but they typically feature a tall, rectangular shape with two or more doors that open to reveal shelves, drawers, or hanging rods. Many armoires also have a large, flat top that can be used for additional storage or as a display area for decorative items. Armoires can be made from a variety of materials, including wood, metal, and even plastic. They are often highly decorative, with intricate carvings or painted designs. Some armoires are also designed to be portable, with wheels or handles that make them easy to move from one room to another. Today, armoires are often used in bedrooms as a way to store clothing and accessories. They can also be used in other areas of the home, such as the living room or dining room, to hold dishes, linens, or other items.
furniture, storage, clothing, design, decorative
Abbé Banier
Abbé Banier was a French artist who lived during the 18th century. He was known for his meticulous attention to detail, precise line drawings, and vibrant use of colors. His works were highly sought after for their ability to capture the essence of French culture, values, and aesthetics. Banier's most famous works include his series of paintings depicting the Seven Sorrows of the Virgin Mary, which have been exhibited in numerous art museums and galleries. In addition to these works, Banier also created Drawings of Animals, Drawings of Plants, and Drawings of Animals, Plants, and Scenery, which have all been highly acclaimed by the artistic community. Banier's artistic style was heavily influenced by his love of French culture and his desire to capture its essence in his works. He was a francophile who was able to create powerful visuals that were consistent in conveying the beauty of French culture. Banier's attention to detail and precise line drawings were praised as some of the best of his time. His use of vibrant colors added depth and richness to his works, making them stand out from the works of other artists of his time. Banier's legacy as an artist has continued to influence the artistic community to this day. His works have been studied and analyzed by art historians and critics, who have praised his ability to capture the essence of French culture in his works. Banier's attention to detail and precise line drawings have also been studied by aspiring artists, who seek to learn from his techniques and incorporate them into their own works. Overall, Abbé Banier was a highly influential French artist who left a lasting impact on the artistic community. His works continue to be celebrated for their meticulous attention to detail, precise line drawings, and vibrant use of colors. Banier's legacy as an artist will continue to inspire future generations of artists for years to come.
Abbé Banier, French artist, 18th century, Seven Sorrows of the Virgin Mary, Drawings of Animals, Drawings of Plants, Drawings of Animals, Plants, and Scenery, francophile, attention to detail, precise line drawings, vibrant colors, artistic style, artisti
Artisan Cheese
Artisan cheese is a type of cheese that is made in small batches, often by hand, using traditional methods and recipes. It is typically made with raw milk and aged for several months to allow the flavor to develop. The cheese is often produced in small batches, with each batch having its own unique flavor profile. Artisan cheeses are often made with milk from a single herd of animals, and are not mass-produced.
Cheese making, artisanal cheese, small batch, raw milk, farmstead cheese.
Antonio Meze
Antonio Meze is an inspiration to designers and creative minds alike due to his unique approach to design and his commitment to creating products that are both aesthetically pleasing and socially responsible. He has an eye for detail and an innate understanding of the way people interact with their environment. His designs often seek to balance modern technology with classic craftsmanship, creating timeless pieces that will stand the test of time. Antonio's designs are the result of his constant experimentation and exploration of new materials and technologies, which makes him a leader in his field. He is passionate about creating products that are both beautiful and functional, while also being mindful of their environmental impact. Antonio's work has been instrumental in pushing the boundaries of design and creativity, and he continues to be an inspiration to aspiring designers.
Antonio Meze, industrial designer, creative thinker, product development, audio equipment, award-winning, socially responsible, detail, craftsmanship, innovative, listening experience.
Aqua
Aqua is a color that is best described as a blend of blue and green hues. This color is often used in products and designs that are meant to evoke feelings of relaxation and soothing emotions. For example, aqua is commonly featured in home decor, such as throw pillows and window treatments, as well as in spa designs. Clothing items featuring aqua, such as swimsuits and shirts, are designed to bring a sense of refreshing and calming vibes to the wearer. This particular color has become symbolic of the healing powers of water and is often used to represent the ocean and its calming essence.
Calm, peace, tranquility, serenity, healing.
Abraham Verhouven
Abraham Verhouven is a renowned Flemish artist and designer whose works have captivated audiences with their vivid visual explorations of human form and nature. His works are characterized by an earnestness and attention to detail that conveys an intense care and consideration to the pieces. His method of abstraction allows for intricate perspectives while still capturing the essence of the object in question. His eye for beauty and flair for distilling the real into the surreal make his works stand out among other artists and designers. His aura of refined and delicate irreverence has drawn the attention of many, and his most renowned works include 'Smog Seascape', 'Triptych', and 'Serenity'. Beyond his works, Abraham Verhouven is also known for his commitment to teaching and mentorship, having taught and mentored countless aspiring and established artists and designers. His lectures and workshops have been highly praised for their engaging and inspiring nature, as well as his ability to impart knowledge and insight in a relatable and understandable manner. Abraham Verhouven is an undeniable force within the world of art and design, and his works have earned him a well-deserved place within the pantheon of greats.
Abraham Verhouven, Flem
Alice X. Zhang
Alice X. Zhang is an influential figure in the world of graphic design and illustration. Her signature style combines bold and vibrant colors with intricate line work to create emotionally evocative pieces of art. Her works have been featured in various exhibitions, publications, and advertising campaigns, and her designs have been praised for their creativity and innovation. She is also a mentor to many aspiring graphic designers, offering advice and guidance to those who are just starting out in the industry. Her commitment to the craft is evident in her works, which are highly acclaimed for their unique aesthetic and thought-provoking nature.
Alice X. Zhang, Illustrator, Graphic Designer, Visual Artist, Art, Design, Creative.
Aseptic Design
Aseptic Design is a specialized approach to creating environments, equipment, and processes that maintain sterility and prevent microbial contamination, particularly crucial in healthcare facilities, pharmaceutical manufacturing, and sterile processing departments. This comprehensive design methodology encompasses the careful consideration of materials, surfaces, airflow patterns, and operational workflows to ensure the highest levels of cleanliness and sterility maintenance. The fundamental principles of aseptic design include the use of smooth, non-porous surfaces that are easy to clean and sanitize, elimination of dead spaces where contaminants might accumulate, proper drainage systems, and appropriate material selection that can withstand repeated sterilization processes without degradation. The concept extends beyond mere physical design elements to include operational considerations such as personnel movement patterns, air handling systems with HEPA filtration, and pressure differentials between spaces to maintain sterile conditions. Historical development of aseptic design principles can be traced back to the early 20th century, with significant advancements occurring alongside the evolution of modern medical and pharmaceutical practices. Contemporary aseptic design incorporates sophisticated monitoring systems, validated cleaning protocols, and innovative materials that enhance sterility assurance. These designs often feature modular components for easy maintenance and cleaning, while adhering to stringent regulatory requirements and international standards. The importance of aseptic design has been recognized in various design competitions, including the A' Design Award and Competition, where innovations in medical and healthcare facility design are evaluated for their contribution to maintaining sterile environments and improving patient safety. The field continues to evolve with technological advancements, incorporating automated cleaning systems, smart materials with antimicrobial properties, and advanced air handling solutions that optimize sterile conditions while maintaining operational efficiency.
Sterility assurance, Contamination control, Clean room design, Microbial prevention, Surface finish requirements, Environmental monitoring, HVAC systems
Architecture In Religion And Spirituality
Architecture in religion and spirituality refers to the design and construction of buildings that are intended for religious or spiritual purposes. These structures are often characterized by their grandeur, intricate details, and symbolism, which are intended to evoke a sense of awe, reverence, and transcendence in the people who use them. The design of these buildings is often influenced by the religious or spiritual beliefs of the people who use them, as well as the cultural and historical context in which they were built. One of the most important aspects of architecture in religion and spirituality is the use of symbolism. Symbols are used to represent abstract concepts and ideas, such as the divine, the afterlife, and the human soul. These symbols can be found in the design of the building itself, as well as in the artwork and decoration that adorn its interior. For example, many religious buildings feature stained glass windows, which are often designed to tell a story or convey a message through the use of color and imagery. Another important aspect of architecture in religion and spirituality is the use of space. Religious buildings are often designed to create a sense of sacredness and separation from the outside world. This is achieved through the use of architectural features such as domes, arches, and vaulted ceilings, which create a sense of height and grandeur. The use of natural light is also important, as it can create a sense of warmth and comfort in the people who use the building. In addition to their aesthetic and symbolic value, religious buildings also serve practical purposes. They are often used for worship, meditation, and other religious practices, and are designed to accommodate large numbers of people. The layout of the building is often designed to facilitate movement and flow, allowing people to move easily from one area to another. Overall, architecture in religion and spirituality is a complex and multifaceted field that encompasses a wide range of design elements and techniques. It is an important aspect of many religious and spiritual traditions, and plays a significant role in shaping the way people experience and understand their faith.
symbolism, sacredness, natural light, worship, flow
Art, Architecture And Design In Media
Art, architecture, and design have played a significant role in various forms of media, including television, film, advertising, and digital media. These creative fields are essential in the development of visual elements that help to convey messages, evoke emotions, and create memorable experiences for audiences. In television and film, art, architecture, and design are used to create visual storytelling that enhances the overall narrative. Production designers are responsible for creating the visual world in which the story takes place, from the sets and props to the costumes and makeup. The use of color, texture, and lighting can also be used to convey mood and emotion, adding depth to the story. Advertising is another area where art, architecture, and design are essential. Advertisements are designed to capture the attention of the viewer and communicate a message effectively. The use of typography, color, and imagery is crucial in creating a visual identity that resonates with the target audience. In the digital age, art, architecture, and design have taken on a new level of importance. Websites, apps, and social media platforms rely heavily on design to create engaging user experiences. User interface design, graphic design, and web design are all essential in creating digital products that are both functional and aesthetically pleasing. In conclusion, art, architecture, and design play a vital role in various forms of media, from television and film to advertising and digital media. These creative fields are essential in creating visual elements that enhance the overall narrative, capture the attention of the viewer, and create engaging user experiences.
television, film, advertising, digital media, production design, visual storytelling, typography, color, imagery, user interface design, graphic design, web design
Agriculture Engineering
Agriculture Engineering is a specialized field that combines engineering principles with agricultural sciences to develop innovative solutions for the agricultural industry. This field is essential for the development of sustainable and efficient agricultural practices that can meet the growing demands of the global population. Agriculture Engineers work on a range of projects, from designing and developing new equipment to improving crop production and resource management. One of the key aspects of Agriculture Engineering is the development of precision agriculture techniques. This involves the use of advanced technologies such as GPS, sensors, and drones to collect data on soil conditions, crop growth, and weather patterns. This data is then used to optimize crop yields, reduce waste, and improve resource management. Precision agriculture has the potential to revolutionize the way we produce food, making it more sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective. Another important area of Agriculture Engineering is the development of sustainable farming practices. This involves the use of renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind power, to power farms and reduce reliance on fossil fuels. It also involves the development of techniques to reduce water usage, minimize waste, and protect soil health. Sustainable farming practices are essential for preserving the environment and ensuring the long-term viability of agriculture. Agriculture Engineering also plays a critical role in food safety and security. Agriculture Engineers work on projects to improve food processing and storage, reduce food waste, and develop new methods for detecting and preventing foodborne illnesses. They also work on projects to improve the distribution and transportation of food, ensuring that it reaches consumers in a safe and timely manner. In summary, Agriculture Engineering is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field that combines engineering principles with agricultural sciences to develop innovative solutions for the agricultural industry. It encompasses a wide range of projects, from precision agriculture to sustainable farming practices and food safety and security. By developing new technologies and techniques, Agriculture Engineers are helping to ensure that we can meet the growing demands of the global population while preserving the environment and ensuring the long-term viability of agriculture.
Precision agriculture, Sustainable farming practices, Food safety, Renewable energy sources, Resource management
Art In Indonesia
The development of art in Indonesia has been shaped by a combination of key historical events, social and cultural trends, and technological advancements. The earliest forms of art in the region can be traced back to the Hindu-Buddhist era in the 7th century, when the Javanese culture flourished and expressed itself through various forms of art. Later, during the Islamic period, art was used to express religious beliefs, and this period saw the emergence of the Wayang shadow puppet theatre and various textile and metalworking techniques. During the Dutch colonial era, the art of Indonesia was influenced by the Western world, and this period saw the emergence of the Batik textile technique. In the 20th century, the development of art in Indonesia was heavily influenced by the country's struggle for independence, with the emergence of various forms of nationalist art. In recent times, the development of digital technologies has enabled the emergence of new forms of art and creative expression, such as digital painting, 3D printing, and multimedia art.
Traditional, Religious, Dutch, Nationalist, Digital
Actor Design
Actor design is the process of creating a character for a film, stage performance, or video game. The process involves creating a back story for the character, their personality, their appearance, and their motivation. Good actor design is different then just actor design because it takes into account the specific needs of the project. For example, a character in a video game needs to be designed differently than a character in a film. The actor design process is important because it creates a foundation for the actor to build their performance off of.
theatre, stage, performance, art, design, creativity
Article Methods
Article Methods is a systematic approach to organizing and structuring written content in design-focused publications, encompassing both traditional print and digital media formats. This methodological framework establishes guidelines for creating comprehensive, well-researched, and academically sound articles that contribute to the body of design knowledge while maintaining scholarly rigor and professional standards. The methodology incorporates various elements including clear thesis statements, structured arguments, evidence-based reasoning, and proper citation of sources, all while adhering to specific style guidelines and formatting requirements. In the context of design writing, these methods emphasize the importance of clarity, precision, and logical flow in presenting complex design concepts, theories, and analyses. The approach typically begins with thorough research and documentation, followed by the development of a clear organizational structure that guides readers through the content in a coherent manner. This can include the integration of visual elements, technical specifications, and detailed examples that support the written content. The methodology also addresses the importance of maintaining objectivity while presenting design-related information, ensuring that personal biases do not interfere with the accurate representation of facts and theories. Professional design publications, including those featured in the A' Design Award's extensive documentation system, often employ these methods to maintain consistency and quality across their content. The methodology encompasses various writing styles, from descriptive and analytical to comparative and critical, depending on the specific requirements of the topic and intended audience. Furthermore, these methods consider the evolving nature of design communication, incorporating digital formatting requirements, accessibility standards, and cross-platform compatibility to ensure maximum reach and effectiveness in contemporary design discourse.
content structure, design writing, academic methodology, research framework, professional documentation, scholarly standards, editorial guidelines, publication format
Autonomous Robotics
Autonomous robotics is a rapidly evolving field of engineering, with huge potential for applications in design, art and creativity. Autonomous robots are being developed to create pieces of art, to explore new creative possibilities and to push the boundaries of what is possible. By using advanced technologies such as computer vision and artificial intelligence, autonomous robots can be used to create unique and innovative artworks, as well as to automate processes in the creative industries. Autonomous robots can also be used to explore new creative mediums, by combining different types of media or combining physical and digital elements. Autonomous robotics is an ever-evolving field, with exciting potential for the creativity sector.
Robotics, Autonomous Systems, Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Computer Vision.
Andrea Brustolon
Andrea Brustolon was an Italian sculptor and furniture maker who lived in the 17th and 18th centuries. He was born in Belluno, Italy, in 1662, and spent most of his life in Venice, where he established himself as one of the most talented and influential artists of his time. Brustolon's works are characterized by their intricate detail, exquisite craftsmanship, and innovative use of materials, particularly inlaid wood. Brustolon's career began as a sculptor, and he quickly gained a reputation for his skill in carving marble and wood. However, it was his work in furniture design that truly set him apart. Brustolon's furniture pieces are notable for their complex inlay work, which often featured intricate geometric patterns, floral motifs, and scenes from classical mythology. He was particularly skilled in creating trompe l'oeil effects, using inlaid wood to create the illusion of three-dimensional objects such as books, vases, and musical instruments. Brustolon's influence on furniture design cannot be overstated. His work was widely imitated throughout Europe, and his designs were often copied by other artisans. Today, his furniture pieces are highly sought after by collectors and museums alike, and are considered some of the finest examples of Baroque furniture. In addition to his furniture work, Brustolon also created a number of sculptures, including religious figures, mythological scenes, and portraits. His sculptures are notable for their realism and attention to detail, and are considered some of the finest examples of Baroque sculpture. Despite his immense talent and influence, Brustolon's life remains somewhat of a mystery. Little is known about his personal life, and few records of his commissions and clients have survived. However, his legacy as an artist and designer lives on, and his works continue to inspire and captivate audiences around the world.
Andrea Brustolon, Italian sculptor, furniture maker, inlaid wood, trompe l'oeil, Baroque furniture, Baroque sculpture
Alchohol
Alcohol, also known as ethanol, is a colorless, volatile, and flammable liquid that is produced by the fermentation of sugar or starch. It is a psychoactive substance that has been used for thousands of years for medicinal, spiritual, and recreational purposes. Alcohol is found in a wide range of beverages, including beer, wine, and distilled spirits, and is a central component of many social customs and traditions. When consumed in moderation, alcohol can have some health benefits, such as reducing the risk of heart disease and stroke. However, excessive consumption of alcohol can lead to a range of negative health effects, including liver disease, cancer, and mental health problems. It can also impair judgment and coordination, leading to accidents, injuries, and even death. Alcohol use and abuse is a complex issue that is influenced by a range of factors, including genetics, culture, and social norms. It is a leading cause of preventable death and disease worldwide, and efforts to reduce alcohol-related harm have been ongoing for decades.
ethanol, fermentation, psychoactive, health effects, moderation
Ar Architecture
Ar Architecture, also known as architectural regulation, is a set of guidelines and standards that govern the construction and design of buildings. These guidelines ensure that structures are safe, functional, and aesthetically pleasing. Ar Architecture is informed by numerous factors, including cultural heritage, climate, and available materials. Designing a structure that adheres to Ar Architecture guidelines requires careful consideration of several factors. Firstly, the form, materials and colors of the building should be chosen based on the local climate and cultural heritage, ensuring that it blends well with the surrounding environment. Secondly, spaces should be designed with function in mind, ensuring that they are comfortable and efficient. Thirdly, attention should be paid to the selection of materials, as sustainable and durable materials are essential for a successful Ar Architecture project. Finally, the building should be designed with safety in mind, with proper ventilation, emergency exits, and structural features.
Ar Architecture, guidelines, construction, design, cultural heritage
Air Guitar
Air Guitar is a type of performance art where the performer mimics playing a guitar without actually holding an instrument. It is often performed to the accompaniment of recorded music, with the performer pretending to play along with the music. The origins of air guitar can be traced back to the 1960s, when rock musicians such as Jimi Hendrix and Pete Townshend of The Who were known for their flamboyant stage antics, including playing their guitars with their teeth or smashing them on stage. Air guitar is a way for fans to emulate their favorite rock stars and express their passion for music. The art of air guitar has evolved over the years, with competitions and championships being held around the world. These competitions involve performers competing against each other to see who can best mimic playing a guitar without actually holding one. Judges score the performers based on their technique, stage presence, and overall performance. The World Air Guitar Championships, held annually in Finland, is one of the most prestigious air guitar competitions in the world. Air guitar has also become a popular form of exercise, with fitness classes and workout routines being developed around the concept. These workouts involve performing air guitar moves to the beat of music, providing a fun and engaging way to get in shape.
performance art, music, competition, exercise, technique
Aeolian Ventilators
Aeolian ventilators, also known as wind-driven ventilators, are devices that use natural wind power to ventilate buildings and other enclosed spaces. The word Aeolian comes from the Greek god of the wind, Aeolus, and refers to the fact that these ventilators harness the power of the wind to create airflow. They are often used in industrial settings, such as factories and warehouses, to improve air quality and reduce the risk of heat stress for workers. Aeolian ventilators work by using a combination of wind pressure and the Bernoulli principle to create airflow. The device consists of a series of vanes or blades that are angled to catch the wind and rotate. As the blades rotate, they create a low-pressure area inside the ventilator, which draws air out of the building. This creates a natural flow of air that helps to remove stale air and bring in fresh air from outside. One of the main benefits of Aeolian ventilators is that they are completely powered by natural wind power, which makes them an environmentally friendly and cost-effective solution for ventilation. They also require very little maintenance and have a long lifespan, making them a durable and reliable option for industrial settings. However, it is important to note that Aeolian ventilators are not suitable for all types of buildings and environments. They are most effective in areas with consistent wind patterns and may not provide sufficient ventilation in areas with low wind speeds or where there are obstructions that block the wind. Additionally, they may not be suitable for buildings with complex ventilation requirements or where precise control of airflow is necessary. Overall, Aeolian ventilators are a simple and effective solution for natural ventilation in industrial settings. They offer a range of benefits, including cost-effectiveness, energy efficiency, and low maintenance requirements. However, they may not be suitable for all types of buildings and environments, and careful consideration should be given to their use in each specific case.
wind-driven, airflow, Bernoulli principle, natural ventilation, industrial settings
Andrzej Wróblewski
Andrzej Wróblewski was a critical part of the European avant-garde movement and a major influence on the development of modern art in the post-war period. His works are often noted for their ability to convey powerful messages about the human condition and social issues. His use of colour, line, and composition were highly innovative and created an aesthetic that was both bold and emotive. In addition to his paintings, Wróblewski also explored other artistic mediums, such as photography, film, and sculpture. His experimental approach to art was highly influential and inspired many of the most important artists of the 20th century. Wróblewski's legacy continues to be felt today, as his works are regularly featured in galleries and museums around the world.
Andrzej Wróblewski, Post-War Art, European Avant-Garde, Colour, Line, Composition, Photography, Film, Sculpture, Legacy, Paintings, Human Condition, Social Issues.
Arm
Arm is a term in computer architecture and processor design that refers to a family of reduced instruction set computing (RISC) architectures for computer processors, configured for various environments. Arm processors are a specific family of CPU designs developed by Arm Ltd., a British semiconductor and software design company. These processors are known for their low power consumption and high performance, making them particularly suitable for use in mobile devices, embedded systems, and other power-constrained applications. The Arm architecture is based on a load/store architecture, where data processing operations only operate on registers, and separate load/store instructions move data between the registers and memory. This design principle simplifies the instruction pipeline and reduces energy usage. Arm processors employ a unique architectural approach that includes features like conditional execution, allowing for more efficient coding and execution. The architecture has evolved over time, with different versions like Armv6, Armv7, Armv8, and so on, each introducing new capabilities and instructions. Arm licenses its processor designs to other companies, who then manufacture the chips or integrate them into their own system-on-chip (SoC) designs. This licensing model has led to the widespread adoption of Arm-based processors in a variety of devices, from smartphones and tablets to smart TVs, automotive systems, and numerous Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
processor architecture RISC embedded systems power consumption SoC design licensing mobile devices IoT
Arte Povera
Arte Povera is a form of art that encourages the designer to think outside of the box and explore the creative potential of everyday objects. It is a movement that encourages collaboration and experimentation, allowing for the creation of works that are highly personal and meaningful. By working with unconventional materials, designers are able to create pieces that challenge existing boundaries and redefine traditional notions of art. The movement is also seen as a response to consumerism and the commodification of art, and encourages viewers to think differently about everyday objects and spaces. Through its focus on process and experimentation, Arte Povera has become a powerful tool for designers to explore the potential of materials and create unique works of art.
Arte Povera, Italy, 1960s, Creative, Collaboration.
Almeric Walter
Almeric Walter is an acclaimed French painter and draughtsman known for his highly detailed and vivid works. His works have a unique style that combines traditional French painting with innovative techniques, and have been featured in numerous international galleries and exhibitions. He is renowned for his ability to capture emotion and thought-provoking narratives in his paintings, making his pieces treasured by collectors worldwide. His most famous works include 'Grand Odalisque', 'Portrait of Madame Bergeret' and 'La Sortie du Bain'. As a designer, his works offer an inspiring example of how to combine traditional painting techniques with modern aesthetics, providing a unique blend of realism and creativity.
Fine Art, Realism, French Painting, Masterpieces.
Augmented Reality And Mixed Reality Design
Augmented Reality (AR) and Mixed Reality (MR) Design are two related fields that focus on creating digital experiences that blend the real world with virtual elements. AR is the process of overlaying digital information onto the physical world, while MR involves the integration of virtual objects into the real world in a way that allows users to interact with them. Both AR and MR Design require a deep understanding of computer graphics, human-computer interaction, and user experience design. AR and MR Design have become increasingly popular in recent years, with the rise of smartphones and other mobile devices that are capable of running AR and MR applications. These technologies have been used in a variety of industries, including gaming, education, healthcare, and marketing. AR and MR Designers must be able to create immersive experiences that seamlessly blend the real world with virtual elements, while also ensuring that the user interface is intuitive and easy to use. The process of AR and MR Design typically involves several stages, including concept development, prototyping, testing, and deployment. Designers must work closely with developers and other stakeholders to ensure that the final product meets the needs of the target audience. They must also be able to work with a variety of software tools, including 3D modeling software, game engines, and programming languages such as C# and JavaScript. In conclusion, AR and MR Design are two related fields that focus on creating digital experiences that blend the real world with virtual elements. These technologies have become increasingly popular in recent years, and are used in a variety of industries. AR and MR Designers must be able to create immersive experiences that seamlessly blend the real world with virtual elements, while also ensuring that the user interface is intuitive and easy to use.
Augmented Reality, Mixed Reality, Digital Experience, User Experience Design, Immersive Experience
Armature Design
Armature Design is a specialized field within electrical engineering and mechanical design that focuses on the development and optimization of the conductive components in electric motors, generators, and other electromagnetic devices. This critical aspect of electrical system design encompasses the careful consideration of magnetic circuits, conductor arrangements, and electromagnetic principles to create efficient and reliable rotating electrical machines. The armature, being the power-producing component, requires meticulous attention to factors such as conductor size, winding patterns, slot configurations, and thermal management to achieve optimal performance. Historical developments in armature design have evolved from simple drum-wound configurations to sophisticated distributed winding arrangements that maximize electromagnetic efficiency while minimizing losses. Modern armature design incorporates advanced computational methods and finite element analysis to predict magnetic field distributions, current densities, and thermal behaviors, enabling designers to create more compact and efficient solutions. The discipline requires a deep understanding of electromagnetic theory, materials science, and thermal dynamics, as these factors directly influence the performance characteristics of the final device. Contemporary approaches to armature design also emphasize sustainability and energy efficiency, with increasing focus on materials selection and manufacturing processes that reduce environmental impact while maintaining high performance standards. The field continues to advance with innovations in superconducting materials, advanced cooling techniques, and novel winding configurations, particularly relevant for emerging applications in electric vehicles and renewable energy systems. Successful armature designs often receive recognition in prestigious competitions such as the A' Design Award, particularly in the engineering and technical design categories, highlighting their significance in advancing sustainable technology solutions.
electromagnetic design, conductor configuration, winding patterns, thermal management
Accent Item Lighting Furniture
Accent Item Lighting Furniture is an innovative fusion of illumination and functional furniture design that represents a significant advancement in contemporary living space solutions. This sophisticated collection, designed by Yu Ren, encompasses a range of versatile pieces including bar carts, side tables, and decorative cabinets, each integrating seamless lighting systems within their structural framework. The collection exemplifies the harmonious marriage of form and function through its utilization of premium materials such as precision-engineered metal frames and frosted glass elements, which work in concert to create both practical storage solutions and ambient lighting effects. The design's technical sophistication is evident in its rechargeable COB lighting system, which offers energy-efficient illumination with adjustable brightness and color temperature controls, accessed through an intuitive Type-C charging interface. The collection's dimensional considerations are meticulously calculated to optimize space efficiency, with pieces ranging from compact side tables to more substantial decorative cabinets, all engineered with a flat-pack capability that enhances transportation efficiency and accessibility. The series garnered recognition with a Silver A' Design Award in the Furniture Design category, acknowledging its exceptional contribution to contemporary furniture design through its innovative integration of lighting technology, practical functionality, and aesthetic refinement. The collection's design philosophy addresses the evolving needs of modern living spaces by incorporating features such as mobility through carefully designed wheel systems, modular assembly capabilities, and versatile storage solutions, while maintaining a minimalist aesthetic that complements diverse interior styles. The integration of advanced lighting technology not only enhances the furniture's practical utility but also transforms each piece into a sophisticated accent element capable of defining and elevating spatial atmospheres.
furniture lighting integration, modern living solutions, ambient furniture design, multifunctional storage solutions, rechargeable furniture systems, contemporary space optimization
Adolf Schreyer
Adolf Schreyer is remembered for his distinct style, which blended Realism and Romanticism to create beautiful and captivating works of art. His paintings often featured a restrained palette of muted colors, allowing the details of his subjects to take center stage. His works often highlighted the beauty of the natural world, as evidenced in his paintings of farm animals, horses, and landscapes. His soft brushstrokes and precise details bring a sense of realism to his work that is still appreciated today. Schreyer also created religious works, which often featured a much darker and mysterious atmosphere. His ability to capture emotion and atmosphere in his works is one of the reasons why they are so beloved by art enthusiasts.
Art, Painter, Genre Painting, Equestrian Portrait, Realism, Romanticism, Natural World
Armour Protected Land Vehicles
Armour protected land vehicles, commonly known as armored vehicles, are vehicles designed to provide protection to their occupants from various threats such as ballistic, explosive, and environmental hazards. These vehicles are typically used by military and law enforcement agencies for a range of purposes, including transport, reconnaissance, and combat operations. Armored vehicles are constructed with a variety of materials, including steel, aluminum, and composite materials, and are designed to withstand a range of threats. The level of protection provided by an armored vehicle is determined by its armor rating, which is based on the vehicle's ability to withstand specific types of threats. For example, some armored vehicles are designed to withstand small arms fire, while others are capable of withstanding rocket-propelled grenades and other larger threats. In addition to their armor protection, armored vehicles are often equipped with a range of other features to enhance their capabilities. These may include advanced communications systems, surveillance equipment, and weapons systems. Some armored vehicles are also designed to be amphibious, allowing them to operate in water as well as on land. Despite their protective capabilities, armored vehicles are not invincible, and their effectiveness depends on a range of factors, including the terrain, the skill of the operators, and the tactics employed. Nevertheless, armored vehicles remain an important tool for military and law enforcement agencies around the world, and their continued development and refinement is likely to be an ongoing process.
armored vehicles, protection, threats, armor rating, capabilities
Aristide Maillol
Aristide Maillol was a French sculptor and painter who worked between the late 19th and early 20th centuries. An artist of immense talent and creativity, Maillol was celebrated for his naturalistic works both in sculpture and painting. His iconic sculptures often feature the female form, frequently in abstracted and idealized pieces. Maillol's best-known works are 'The River', 'The Pretty Bathers', 'The Mediterranean', 'The Eternal Spring', and 'The Three Graces'. His characteristic sculptures are remarkable for their slender figures, flowing drapery, and smooth, polished surfaces. Maillol was also a successful painter, producing canvases that depicted the same themes and ideas that he explored in his sculptures.
Aristide Maillol, French Artist, Sculpture, Painting, Mediterranean, Bathers.
— Mei Wang
Abrasive Boards For Use On Fingernails
Abrasive boards for use on fingernails are small, rectangular tools made of a variety of materials, including emery, glass, and ceramic. They are designed to shape and smooth the surface of the nails, removing rough edges and creating a polished finish. These boards are commonly used in nail salons and by individuals who want to maintain the appearance of their nails at home. The abrasive surface of the board is typically made up of tiny particles that are embedded in the material. These particles are arranged in a specific pattern or grit, which determines the coarseness of the board. Lower grit numbers indicate a coarser surface, while higher numbers indicate a finer surface. Abrasive boards for use on fingernails typically range from 80 grit to 240 grit, with 240 being the finest. Using an abrasive board on the nails requires a gentle touch and careful attention to detail. The board should be held at a slight angle to the nail and moved in one direction, rather than back and forth, to avoid damaging the nail. The process of shaping and smoothing the nails can take several minutes, depending on the desired result. Abrasive boards for use on fingernails are an essential tool for maintaining healthy, attractive nails. They are widely available in drugstores and beauty supply stores, and are often sold in multi-packs for convenience. With proper use, these boards can help to prevent splitting, cracking, and peeling of the nails, and can contribute to an overall polished appearance.
Abrasive, Fingernails, Grit, Coarse, Polished
Automotive Security Protocols
Automotive security protocols should be a fundamental consideration for any designer developing connected vehicle technology. The protocols must be robust and comprehensive in order to provide the highest level of security. Some key security protocols that designers should consider include authentication, encryption, authorization, and data integrity. Authentication is the process of verifying the identity of a user or device, which is critical in preventing unauthorized access. Encryption is the process of encoding data so that it cannot be read by anyone who does not have the correct key. Authorization is the process of determining which users or devices are allowed to access certain data or features. Finally, data integrity is the process of ensuring that the data stored in a system is accurate and has not been tampered with. These protocols are essential in guaranteeing the safety and security of connected vehicles.
Vehicle, security, protocol, encryption, authentication, authorization, data integrity.
Antonio Meze
Antonio Meze is a pioneer of design and creativity, inspiring a new generation of designers with his innovative and socially responsible approach to product development. He has a unique eye for detail and an unrivalled knack for combining the latest technology with traditional craftsmanship to create a unique listening experience. Antonio is passionate about creating products that are both aesthetically pleasing and functional, while also being mindful of their environmental impact. He has been instrumental in pushing the boundaries of design and creativity and his award-winning designs are admired and appreciated by audiophiles around the world.
Industrial Design, Audio Equipment, Audio Experience, Creative Thinking, Product Development, Romania.
Ashley Wood
Ashley Wood is a highly acclaimed artist and designer known for his innovative and experimental approach to art. His works span a variety of mediums, including comic books, illustrations, concept art, photography, and character modeling. He is celebrated for his use of bold colors, surreal elements, and unique compositions that captivate viewers and stir emotion. Wood has won three Eisner Awards for his comic book art, and his works have been featured in major exhibitions and galleries all around the world. He has also worked on projects for major animation studios, video games, and films, showcasing his versatility and mastery of various art forms. Overall, Ashley Wood is a visionary artist whose works continue to inspire and captivate viewers, pushing the boundaries of creativity and imagination.
Ashley Wood, artist, designer, comic books, illustrations, concept art, photography, character modeling, Eisner Awards, exhibitions, animation, video games, films, creativity, imagination
Alexander Nepote
Alexander Nepote is an American artist whose works explore a variety of topics. His distinct artistic style is characterized by the use of bold colors, intricate patterns, and vivid details to create captivating and thought-provoking pieces. His works range from abstract to figurative and landscape, drawing inspiration from everyday life while also exploring social and political issues. Nepote's works are often praised for their emotional depth, as he seeks to create a powerful and immersive visual experience through his use of color, texture, and composition. His works have been exhibited in numerous galleries, including a solo exhibition at the New York Academy of Art. His most acclaimed works include “The Waves of the Sea,” “The Eye of Abstraction,” and “New York Metropolis.”
Alexander Nepote, artist, painter, abstract, figurative, landscape, texture, emotion, visual, captivating, vibrant.
Aerated Concrete Block System
Aerated Concrete Block System (ACBS) is a type of masonry that is composed of pre-fabricated concrete blocks filled with a lightweight foam material. This system is highly efficient and cost-effective, making it a popular choice for a variety of applications, from residential and commercial construction to soundproofing and seismic protection. ACBS is known for its excellent thermal performance and energy efficiency, as well as its resistance to fire, pests, and other environmental hazards. One of the key benefits of ACBS is its lightweight nature. The foam material used to fill the blocks significantly reduces their weight, making them easier to handle and install. This also makes ACBS an ideal choice for seismic protection, as the lightweight blocks are able to absorb and dissipate the energy of seismic waves. In addition to its excellent thermal performance and energy efficiency, ACBS also offers a high level of soundproofing. The foam material used to fill the blocks is able to absorb sound waves, reducing noise pollution and creating a more comfortable living or working environment. ACBS is also highly versatile, with a wide range of sizes and shapes available to suit different construction needs. This makes it an ideal choice for a variety of applications, from load-bearing walls and foundations to non-load-bearing partitions and cladding. Overall, Aerated Concrete Block System is a highly efficient and cost-effective option for a variety of construction needs. Its lightweight nature, energy efficiency, soundproofing capabilities, and resistance to environmental hazards make it a popular choice for both residential and commercial applications.
ACBS, masonry, lightweight, foam material, seismic protection, soundproofing, thermal performance, energy efficiency, versatile, load-bearing
Automobile Parts
Automobile parts refer to the various components that make up a motor vehicle. These parts are essential for the proper functioning of a car, and they are designed to work together in a cohesive system to provide a safe and comfortable driving experience. Automobile parts can be broadly categorized into two groups: the exterior and interior parts. Exterior parts include the bodywork, which is the outer shell of the car, and the various components that make up the car's suspension, brakes, wheels, and tires. The bodywork is made up of panels that are designed to fit together seamlessly to provide a streamlined appearance. The suspension system is responsible for providing a smooth ride, and it includes components such as shock absorbers, struts, and springs. The brakes are responsible for stopping the car, and they include components such as brake pads, rotors, and calipers. The wheels and tires are responsible for providing traction and stability, and they come in a variety of sizes and types to suit different driving conditions. Interior parts include the various components that make up the car's cabin, such as the seats, dashboard, steering wheel, and pedals. The seats are designed to provide comfort and support, and they come in a variety of materials and styles. The dashboard is the control center of the car, and it includes components such as the speedometer, fuel gauge, and radio. The steering wheel is used to control the direction of the car, and it includes components such as the airbag and horn. The pedals are used to control the car's speed and braking, and they include components such as the accelerator and brake pedal. In conclusion, automobile parts are the essential components that make up a motor vehicle. They are designed to work together in a cohesive system to provide a safe and comfortable driving experience. Whether it's the exterior or interior parts, each component plays a vital role in ensuring the proper functioning of the car.
bodywork, suspension, brakes, wheels, tires, seats, dashboard, steering wheel, pedals
Anthony Muto
Anthony Muto is an American Artist renowned for his vibrant, captivating works that feature a number of traditional mediums. His work is renowned for effectively combining bright colors and natural elements to create a powerful narrative. Anthony Muto's work has been widely acclaimed as both awe-inspiring and thought-provoking. Moreover, many of his compositions have been used in museums and galleries around the world for public exhibitions. Some of his most famous works are The Elephant in the Room, The Journey Home, and The Way of Love.
Anthony Muto, American Artist, Paintings, Museum, Gallery, Artwork
Aleksandr Sveshnikov
Aleksandr Sveshnikov is one of the most celebrated Russian artists of the modern era. His distinct and refreshing style has been praised for its bold aesthetic, which combines vibrant colours and whimsical shapes to create unique and captivating compositions. His works often explore the idea of joy and playfulness, and he has become known for his expressive paint strokes which capture emotions and ideas in imaginative ways. He is also a highly sought-after teacher and mentor in the art world, sharing his knowledge and inspiring new generations to create. He is an innovator and a trendsetter, pushing the boundaries of painting and creating works that are both timeless and contemporary. Aleksandr Sveshnikov is a true innovator and a master of his craft.
Aleksandr Sveshnikov, Russian artist, painting, artwork, modern art, vibrant colours, whimsical shapes, expressive paint strokes, teacher, mentor, innovator, trendsetter, timeless.
Adhesive Wall Decorations Of Common Metal
Adhesive wall decorations of common metal refer to a type of decorative item that can be easily affixed to walls, doors, or other flat surfaces using an adhesive backing. These decorations are typically made of common metals such as aluminum, brass, or copper, and are designed to add a touch of elegance and sophistication to any room or space. One of the primary advantages of adhesive wall decorations of common metal is their ease of use. Unlike traditional wall hangings or artwork, these decorations can be easily applied to any surface without the need for nails, screws, or other hardware. This makes them an ideal choice for renters or anyone who wants to avoid damaging their walls. In addition to their practical benefits, adhesive wall decorations of common metal are also highly versatile in terms of design. They can be found in a wide range of styles, from traditional to modern, and can be used to create a variety of different looks and moods. Some common types of adhesive wall decorations of common metal include metal wall art, metal wall sculptures, and metal wall plaques. Despite their many benefits, it is important to note that adhesive wall decorations of common metal may not be suitable for all types of walls or surfaces. Before applying any adhesive decoration, it is important to ensure that the surface is clean, dry, and free of any debris or residue. Additionally, it may be necessary to test the adhesive on a small, inconspicuous area before applying the decoration to ensure that it will not damage the surface.
Adhesive, Wall Decorations, Common Metal, Versatile, Design
Art In Palau
The art of Palau has been shaped by a variety of influences, including local, regional, and global traditions. Palauan art has been characterized by its distinct aesthetic, which is a combination of traditional and modern styles. Palauan art has evolved over time, with different art movements, styles, and aesthetics emerging in different periods of history. For example, traditional Palauan art is characterized by its use of natural materials, such as wood and shell, as well as its focus on spiritual and cultural themes. During the colonial era, Palauan art began to incorporate elements of Western art, such as realism and impressionism. In the modern era, there has been an increased focus on abstract and contemporary art. In all periods, however, Palauan art has been marked by its unique blend of traditional and modern styles and its emphasis on cultural and spiritual themes.
Palauan, Indigenous, Artistry, Aesthetics, Expression.
Awnings Of Fabric
Awnings of fabric are a type of shading device that is typically made of durable and weather-resistant materials such as canvas, polyester, or acrylic. These awnings are designed to provide protection from the sun and rain, while also adding aesthetic value to a building's exterior. Fabric awnings are commonly used in residential and commercial settings, and can be found on windows, doors, patios, decks, and storefronts. The design of fabric awnings typically involves a metal frame that is attached to the building's exterior, with the fabric material stretched over the frame to create a canopy. The fabric material is often treated with a UV-resistant coating to prevent fading and damage from prolonged exposure to the sun. Additionally, many fabric awnings are designed to be retractable, allowing the user to adjust the amount of shade provided depending on the time of day and weather conditions. One of the main benefits of fabric awnings is their ability to reduce energy costs by blocking the sun's rays from entering a building. This can help to keep the interior of a building cooler, reducing the need for air conditioning and ultimately lowering energy bills. Fabric awnings can also provide protection from the elements, helping to prevent damage to furniture, flooring, and other interior surfaces that may be susceptible to fading or water damage. Overall, fabric awnings are a versatile and practical solution for adding shade and protection to a building's exterior. They are available in a wide range of colors and styles, making it easy to find a design that complements the existing architecture of a building.
shading, UV-resistant, retractable, energy-efficient, protection
Advertising Excellence
Advertising Excellence refers to the ability of a business to create and execute a successful advertising campaign that not only captures the attention of its target audience but also delivers tangible results. Achieving Advertising Excellence requires a deep understanding of the target audience, their needs, and their preferences, as well as a thorough knowledge of the market and the competition. It also involves the use of innovative and creative marketing techniques that are tailored to the specific needs of the business and its target audience. One of the key aspects of Advertising Excellence is the ability to measure the effectiveness of the advertising campaign. This involves setting clear goals and objectives for the campaign, such as increasing brand awareness, generating leads, or driving sales, and then tracking the progress towards these goals using various metrics and analytics tools. By measuring the effectiveness of the campaign, businesses can identify areas that need improvement and make necessary adjustments to ensure that the campaign is delivering the desired results. Another important aspect of Advertising Excellence is the ability to adapt to changing market conditions and consumer preferences. This requires a willingness to experiment with new marketing techniques and strategies, as well as the ability to quickly pivot and adjust the campaign as needed. Successful businesses are those that can stay ahead of the curve and anticipate the changing needs and preferences of their target audience. In summary, Advertising Excellence is about creating and executing a successful advertising campaign that delivers tangible results, while also staying ahead of the curve and adapting to changing market conditions. It requires a deep understanding of the target audience, creative marketing techniques, and the ability to measure and adapt the campaign as needed.
marketing, advertising, campaign, target audience, effectiveness
Abstract Shapes Design
Abstract shapes designs consist of figurative elements that are intentionally non-representational and created through the combination of different shapes. This type of design is often used to create visually interesting and aesthetically pleasing compositions that evoke a specific emotion or feeling in the viewer. Abstract shapes designs can be found in a wide variety of industries, including advertising, fashion, interiors and architecture. Many designers experiment with the placement of abstract shapes and colors in order to convey a message or evoke an emotional response in the viewer.
Abstract designs, geometric shapes, organic forms, color palette, graphical elements.
The free encyclopedia on good design, art, architecture, creativity, engineering and innovation.
Design+Encyclopedia is a free online encyclopedia, pioneering freedom of speech and freedom of expression in arts, design, architecture, creativity, engineering and innovation, written and maintained by a community of design professionals, architects, artists, creators, innovators and engineers. In Design+Encyclopedia, every individual contribution is cherished, differentiated opinions and distinct ideas are respected and attributed. Anyone can edit and contribute to the Design+Encyclopedia. Become a contributor now and help us expand existing definitions with your own. The Design+Encyclopedia is open to all objective facts as well as highly subjective ideas, opinions and perspectives on everything related to design, art, architecture, creativity, engineering and innovation. Create a free account now to join our community. We have 216.552 Topics and 472.818 Entries and we are looking forward to publish your entries today.