Cross-vault

Cross-vault

Cross-vault is an architectural feature formed by the intersection of two barrel vaults at right angles, creating a square or rectangular space covered by a ceiling with four concave surfaces. This design element, which originated in Roman architecture, became a hallmark of Romanesque and Gothic architecture, particularly in churches and cathedrals. The cross-vault is constructed using a series of arches, known as ribs, which provide structural support and define the shape of the vault. The spaces between the ribs, called webs or infills, are typically made of lighter materials such as brick or stone. The intersection of the two barrel vaults creates four diagonal arches that meet at a central point, known as the keystone or boss, which often features decorative carvings or sculptures. The use of cross-vaults allowed for the construction of taller, more spacious interiors with increased natural light, as the vaults could be supported by relatively slender columns or piers. This architectural innovation contributed to the development of the characteristic vertical emphasis and soaring interior spaces of Gothic cathedrals. Cross-vaults also played a crucial role in the structural stability of these buildings, as they helped to distribute the weight of the roof and upper walls evenly across the supporting columns and walls. The aesthetic appeal of cross-vaults lies in their rhythmic repetition and the interplay of light and shadow on their curved surfaces, creating a visually dynamic and uplifting interior space.

Gothic architecture, Romanesque architecture, vaulting, arches, ribs, keystone, boss, infill, cathedral

— John Armstrong

CITATION : "John Armstrong. 'Cross-vault.' Design+Encyclopedia. https://design-encyclopedia.com/?E=434187 (Accessed on December 21, 2024)"