Zener Diodes

Zener Diodes

Zener diodes are a type of semiconductor device that are designed to operate in the reverse breakdown region of their voltage-current characteristic curve. When a Zener diode is reverse-biased, it allows a small amount of current to flow through it until the reverse breakdown voltage is reached. At this point, the diode begins to conduct heavily, allowing current to flow through it in the reverse direction without damaging the device. Zener diodes are commonly used as voltage regulators in electronic circuits. By placing a Zener diode in parallel with a load, the voltage across the load can be maintained at a constant value, even if the input voltage varies. This is because the Zener diode will begin to conduct heavily whenever the voltage across it exceeds its breakdown voltage, effectively shunting excess current away from the load. Zener diodes are also used in protection circuits to prevent damage from voltage spikes and surges. By placing a Zener diode in parallel with a sensitive component, such as a microcontroller or sensor, the Zener diode can clamp the voltage across the component to a safe level, protecting it from damage. Overall, Zener diodes are an important component in many electronic circuits, providing voltage regulation and protection from voltage spikes and surges.

semiconductor, reverse breakdown, voltage regulator, protection circuit, voltage spikes

— Brian Turner

CITATION : "Brian Turner. 'Zener Diodes.' Design+Encyclopedia. https://design-encyclopedia.com/define/zener-diodes?E=409684 (Accessed on October 14, 2026)"